Many records for distinguishing words.

In this post, I have to write with Chinese.

Table of Contents

中文歧义

Queue up VS Line up

For me, queues are formed when you’re wanting to be served such as at a counter, or for admission - so queues are formed in the post office, or at the bus stop. I can use lines too in this context. We can say queue up or form a queue.

If you are just making a line formation, then I would say line. Schoolchildren might be asked for form lines at assembly. Queue is not possible here.

英文相近

Pricipal VS Priciple

  • principal

    adj. 主要的；资本的

    n. 首长；校长；资本；当事人

    principal是“校长，尤指学校的校长”。Principal也可以用作形容词，意为“第一或最高的等级、重要性或价值”。

  • principle

    n. 原理，原则；主义，道义；本质，本义；根源，源泉

    原则是“行为或行为准则”或“基本教义或宗旨”。“原则"常与"道德"相关，并被用作"道德"的同义词，意思是"关于"正确行为的原则或规则"或"对与错的区别”。

principal和principle的关联 principal和principle在词源学上是相关的。principal主要源于拉丁语prīncipālis ，意思是：首先，首席。principle则源于prīncipium，意思是：开始,起源,起点,依据。这两个术语可以最终可以被追溯到prīmus这个拉丁词，是principal和principle，意思是：首先，也是最重要的。

怎么区分和记忆principal和principle 联系上下文，用principal来指代领导阶层的人或描述某事的重要性；用principle来指标准、规则或指导信仰。一种常用的记忆方法是把“pal”和“principal”分开来记。

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“Magnification” and “zoom” are related terms often used in the context of optics, photography, and microscopy. While they are related, they refer to slightly different concepts:

  1. Magnification: - Magnification refers to the process of enlarging an object or an image to make it appear larger than its actual size. - In optics or microscopy, magnification is typically a fixed value that indicates how much larger an object appears through a lens or an optical system compared to its actual size. - Magnification is often expressed as a ratio or a factor (e.g., 2x magnification means the object appears twice as large as its actual size).
  2. Zoom: - Zoom refers to the ability to change the focal length of a lens or adjust the field of view of an optical system to make an object appear larger or smaller. - In photography or videography, zooming involves adjusting the focal length of a zoom lens to bring the subject closer (zoom in) or move it further away (zoom out). - Zoom lenses have a variable focal length, allowing users to adjust the magnification level by changing the zoom setting.

In summary, magnification is a measure of how much larger an object appears compared to its actual size, often a fixed value, while zoom refers to the ability to adjust the magnification level by changing the focal length of a lens or adjusting the field of view of an optical system.

字母词 （Acronym） 首字母缩略词，又称头字语，是英语、法语里面常见的缩写类型。

當字母縮寫可以單獨發音時（如 laser 和 scuba）便是 acronym

联合国教育、科学及文化组织的标志。教科文组织的英语缩写也是一种字母词。

  • North Atlantic Treaty Organization → NATO（北大西洋公约组织）
  • [Organisation du Traité de l’Atlantique Nord] 错误：{{Lang}}：文本有格式不正确的标记（帮助） → OTAN（法语，同上）
  • Laser Interferometer Space Antenna → LISA（激光干涉空间天线）
  • Terminal High Altitude Area Defense → THAAD（末段高空区域防御系统，缩写音译为萨德）
  • Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg → Benelux（比荷卢三国关税同盟）

首字母缩略语（Initialism） 这种缩写一般将其按字母逐字发音[21]。如： 當字母縮寫仍須以個別字母發音時（如 rpm 和 PDF）便是 initialism

World Trade Organization → WTO（世界贸易组织） National Basketball Association → NBA（美国国家篮球协会） Central Intelligence Agency → CIA（美国中央情报局） United Kingdom → UK （英国） Compact Disc → CD （镭射唱片） Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands → SPD （德国社会民主党） Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons → OPCW（禁止化学武器组织）

拼写简化 （Abbreviation） 拼写简化在书写上缩减而不改变词的读音。

这种缩写今时美式英语一般会在后面加一个缩写点“.”（英语句号），英式英语缩写时则不会加点。[3]:p167–170[22]。

abbreviation → abbr. 或 abbrev. Doctor → Dr. Company → Co. building → bldg. Street → St. （英式英语加有缩写点，为免与 Saint（圣人）混淆）/ Str. Road → Rd. Mister → Mr. John Doe → J. D. Boulevard → Blvd. Adjective → Adj.

截音词 （Clipping） 截音是截取词语的一部分作为缩略语的方法，是一种音节缩写。如：

telephone→ phone examination → exam mathematics → math / maths laboratory → lab facsimile → fax memorandum → memo influenza → flu

Kg 和 mm 等 SI 系統（Système International d’Unités）並不是縮寫而是符號，他們不是典型的縮寫，不用複數形式，也不像一般的縮寫之後有縮寫點。