Some usual operations examples in MySQL 8.0

Table of Contents

INIT

Refer to https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-mysql-on-ubuntu-20-04

Ubuntu 24.04 as example in Win11 WSL2

examples
  • shell
  • sql
  • shell
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# root user
apt update
apt install mysql-server-8.0 -y
systemctl status mysql.service

mysql

区别

| caching_sha2_password |
| mysql_native_password |

DCL

DCL: Data Control Language, like GRANT, REVOKE, DENY

GRANT

GRANT 
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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `some-db`.* TO 'rd'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

REVOKE

DENY

DDL

DDL: Data Definition Language, like CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE, COMMENT, RENAME

CREATE

CREATE
  • database
  • table
  • index
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CREATE DATABASE pear-admin-pro CHARACTER SET UTF8;

COPY with data

copy with CREATE
  • with_data
  • without_data
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create table table_name
as   
select * from Source_table
where 1=1;

ALTER

ALTER TABLE 
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ALTER TABLE ...
[TODO]: To be continued...

DROP

DROP
  • database
  • table
  • index
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DROP DATABASE <db_name>;

TRUNCATE

COMMENT

RENAME

DML

DML: Data Manipulation Language, like INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, MERGE, CALL, EXPLAIN PLAN, LOCK TABLE

INSERT

INSERT
  • single
  • multiple
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INSERT INTO <table_name>...

SELECT

Periods Filter 
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-- 今天
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE TO_DAYS(时间字段名) = TO_DAYS(NOW());

-- 昨天
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE TO_DAYS(NOW()) - TO_DAYS(时间字段名) <= 1;

-- 本周
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE YEARWEEK(DATE_FORMAT(时间字段名,'%Y-%m-%d')) = YEARWEEK(NOW());

-- 上周
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE YEARWEEK(DATE_FORMAT(时间字段名,'%Y-%m-%d')) = YEARWEEK(NOW())-1;

-- 近7天
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE DATE_SUB(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 7 DAY) <= DATE(时间字段名);

-- 近30天
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE DATE_SUB(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 30 DAY) <= DATE(时间字段名);

-- 本月
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE DATE_FORMAT(时间字段名,'%Y%m') = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(),'%Y%m');

-- 上月
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE PERIOD_DIFF(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m'),DATE_FORMAT(时间字段名,'%Y%m')) = 1;
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE DATE_FORMAT(时间字段名,'%Y%m') = DATE_FORMAT(CURDATE(),'%Y%m') ;
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE WEEKOFYEAR(FROM_UNIXTIME(时间字段名,'%y-%m-%d')) = WEEKOFYEAR(NOW());
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE MONTH(FROM_UNIXTIME(时间字段名,'%y-%m-%d')) = MONTH(NOW());
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE YEAR(FROM_UNIXTIME(时间字段名,'%y-%m-%d')) = YEAR(NOW()) AND MONTH(FROM_UNIXTIME(时间字段名,'%y-%m-%d')) = MONTH(NOW())；

-- 近6个月
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE 时间字段名 BETWEEN DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 6 MONTH) AND NOW();

-- 本季度
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE QUARTER(时间字段名) = QUARTER(NOW());

-- 上季度
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE QUARTER(时间字段名) = QUARTER(DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 1 QUARTER));

-- 本年
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE YEAR(时间字段名)=YEAR(NOW());

-- 去年
SELECT * FROM 表名 WHERE YEAR(时间字段名) = YEAR(DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 1 YEAR));

UPDATE

UPDATE 
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UPDATE <table_name> SET ...;
[TODO]: To be continued...

DELETE

DELETE 
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DELETE FROM <table_name> WHERE ...;

MERGE

CALL

EXPLAIN PLAN

LOCK TABLE

EXAMPLES

Kill

数据库锁死的问题解决

Kill lock 
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select *
from information_schema.PROCESSLIST;

select *
from information_schema.INNODB_TRX;

select A.trx_started, B.*
from information_schema.INNODB_TRX A
left join (select * from information_schema.PROCESSLIST) B on A.trx_mysql_thread_id = B.ID;

kill 12345;

JOIN

Joins

TCL

TCL: Transaction Control Language, like COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT, START TRANSACTION

COMMIT

ROLLBACK

SAVEPOINT

START TRANSACTION

VIEW

Create a SQLView to make query fast

锁

行锁

表锁

乐观锁

悲观锁

EXPORT & IMPORT

Export

export 
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# 导出整个数据库结构和数据
mysqldump -h localhost -P 3306 -urd -p123456 database > test.sql
# 导出整个数据库结构(不包含数据)
mysqldump -h localhost -P 3306 -urd -p123456 -d database > test.sql

# 导出单个数据表结构和数据
mysqldump -h localhost -P 3306 -urd -p123456 database table > test.sql
# 导出单个数据表结构(不包含数据)
mysqldump -h localhost -P 3306 -urd -p123456 -d database table > test.sql

# 说明:
# -P参数, 是大P, 且有空格, 不同于后面密码的小P，没有空格

IMPORT

import
  • shell
  • sql
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# 恢复到指定数据库
mysql -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename < test.sql

# 恢复到指定数据库中的表
mysql -hhostname -uusername -ppassword databasename tablename < test.sql